Main Article Content
Abstract
Mobile phones are widely used by medical students as communication and learning tools but may act as potential vectors for pathogen transmission. This study aimed to assess microbial contamination of mobile phones and the hygiene awareness of medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura. This study involved 117 respondents. Data on phone hygiene practices were collected through a structured questionnaire, while swab samples from phone surfaces were cultured and evaluated semi-quantitatively for colony growth and morphology. Results showed that although most students acknowledged that microbes can live on mobile phones and considered phone hygiene important for health, their actual practices were suboptimal. Frequent behaviors included bringing phones into bathrooms, using them while eating, and rarely washing hands before use. Laboratory analysis revealed that all phone samples yielded microbial growth with diverse colony morphologies, indicating the potential presence of both bacterial and fungal contaminants. These findings highlight a gap between knowledge and behavior among medical students, emphasizing the need for targeted educational interventions to improve phone hygiene practices and reduce the risk of microbial transmission in healthcare settings.
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References
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- Olsen, M., Nassar, R., Senok, A., Moloney, S., Lohning, A., Jones, P., Grant, G., Morgan, M., Palipana, D., McKirdy, S., Alghafri, R., & Tajouri, L. (2022). Mobile phones are hazardous microbial platforms warranting robust public health and biosecurity protocols. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14118-9
- Ratthawongjirakul, P., & Thongkerd, V. (2016). Fresh garlic extract inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation under chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic conditions. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 38(4), 381–389.
- Sadiq, T., Arikan, A., Sanlidag, T., Guler, E., & Suer, K. (2021). Big concern for public health: Microbial contamination of mobile phones. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 15(6), 798–804. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.13708
- Sriprapun, M., Atthakorn, O., & Phuakwilai, A. (2022). The prevalence of bacterial contamination on mobile phones of pharmacy university students. Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia, 49(4), 356–363. https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.04.22.084.
References
Ahmad, Q., Zubair, F., Ameena, Asif, A., Khan, J. K., & Imran, F. (2021). Microbial contamination of mobile phone and its hygiene practices by medical students and doctors in a tertiary care hospital:A cross-sectional study. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine Update, 1(October), 100038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpbup.2021.100038
AlOmani, M. A., Anwer, R., Sandoqa, A. M., Alshareef, F. G., Almuzayrie, A., Alluhadan, O., AlShammari, A. A., Alghamdi, M. A., Almarri, F. K., & Abdulrahman, K. Bin. (2020). Elucidation of practices of mobile phone hygiene and identification of the microorganisms: A perspective study from riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 14(3), 1761–1768. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.14.3.14
Bodena, D., Teklemariam, Z., Balakrishnan, S., & Tesfa, T. (2019). Bacterial contamination of mobile phones of health professionals in Eastern Ethiopia: Antimicrobial susceptibility and associated factors. Tropical Medicine and Health, 47(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-019-0144-y
Doh, I. J., Sturgis, J., Sarria Zuniga, D. V., Pruitt, R. E., Robinson, J. P., & Bae, E. (2019). Generalized spectral light scatter models of diverse bacterial colony morphologies. Journal of Biophotonics, 12(12), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.201900149
Dubljanin, E., Crvenkov, T., Vujčić, I., Grujičić, S. Š., Dubljanin, J., & Džamić, A. (2022). Fungal contamination of medical students’ mobile phones from the University of Belgrade, Serbia: a cross-sectional study. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21118-2
Kampf, G., Todt, D., Pfaender, S., & Steinmann, E. (2020). Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents. Journal of Hospital Infection, 104, 246–251.
Kowalski, C. H., & Cramer, R. A. (2020). If looks could kill: Fungal macroscopic morphology and virulence. PLoS Pathogens, 16(6), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008612
Martina, P. F., Martinez, M., Centeno, C. K., Von Specht, M., & Ferreras, J. (2019). Dangerous passengers: Multidrug-resistant bacteria on hands and mobile phones. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 60(4), E293–E299. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2019.60.4.1283
Olsen, M., Nassar, R., Senok, A., Albastaki, A., Leggett, J., Lohning, A., Campos, M., Jones, P., McKirdy, S., Tajouri, L., & Alghafri, R. (2021). A pilot metagenomic study reveals that community derived mobile phones are reservoirs of viable pathogenic microbes. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93622-w
Olsen, M., Nassar, R., Senok, A., Moloney, S., Lohning, A., Jones, P., Grant, G., Morgan, M., Palipana, D., McKirdy, S., Alghafri, R., & Tajouri, L. (2022). Mobile phones are hazardous microbial platforms warranting robust public health and biosecurity protocols. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14118-9
Ratthawongjirakul, P., & Thongkerd, V. (2016). Fresh garlic extract inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation under chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic conditions. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 38(4), 381–389.
Sadiq, T., Arikan, A., Sanlidag, T., Guler, E., & Suer, K. (2021). Big concern for public health: Microbial contamination of mobile phones. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 15(6), 798–804. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.13708
Sriprapun, M., Atthakorn, O., & Phuakwilai, A. (2022). The prevalence of bacterial contamination on mobile phones of pharmacy university students. Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia, 49(4), 356–363. https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.04.22.084.